Umlando oqukethwe eNcwadini „uRuthi“

umfelokazi waphenduka unina wesizwe esikhulu

Emqulwini wezincwadi zenkonzo ngokwenkolo yobuJuda ezilotshwé ngolwimi lwakubo lwesiHebheru [biblia hebraica], le ncwadi, “uRuthi”, isengxenyeni yokugcina yohlelo lweziqukethwe. Emiqulwini ethathelwa lapho – kowesiGrikhi, owaziwa ngokuthi “yiSepthwaginta”, nowesiLathini, obizwa ngokuthi “yiVulgatha”, kanye nakuyo yonke-ke eyahunyushwa ithathelwa lapho [owesiNgisi, owesiJalimane, owesiBhunu, …] le ncwadi ifakwé yaphahlwa yiNcwadi “abeHluleli” kanye neNcwadi “uSamweli wokuQala”. Ekuqaleni kwayo [uRuth 1,1] kukhulunywa ngezikathi zabeHluleli; ekuphethweni kwayo sizwa kuthiwa uRuthi njengoba ayesengumkaBhowasi-nje wayesephenduké waba ngomunye okwathi ngokuqhubeka komlando babagcina sebengokhokho bakaDavida. Yilokho-ke okwenza le ncwadi ithole lesi sikhundla ohlelweni lwazo emqulwini wemiBhalo.

Kuxoxwa ngoNawomi, intombi yaseBhethlehema, nomakoti wakwayo uRuthi wakwelakwaMowabhi ngokuzalwa. URuthi – igama lakhe lichaza ukuthi “impelesi”, “umngani” – kuthi lapha sekubuywa kwelakwaMowabhi, yena waziqokela ukungabe esehlukana noninazala, waqoma ukuzinikela emukele ubuzwe bakwelikaninazala kwelakwaJuda, akhonze oPhezukonke [“uNkulunkulu”] wakhona.  Wafika wasebenza emasimini kwaBhowasi owayehlobene noyisezala owayesashona.

Kulapha-ke lapho le ngxoxo isiqala khona ukulandela umkhondo owaziwayo: Kuhloswé ukuvusa igama likamufi owayekade eganwé nguNawomi, washona engenamntwana, osekuyoba yindlela yokuzicandela isiza somuzi kwelakubo.  Ukuze lenhloso ifezeke, uNawomi unika umalokazana wakwakhe izeluleko okufanele zilandelwe; wenza kanjalo-ke uRuthi.  Amasiko amabili ngokwenqubo yabakwaIzrayeli kwakufanele agcinwe uma kuhloswé lokho.  Elokuqala yisiko “lokungena”. Umnewabo kamufi noma umnawakhe uganwa ngumfelokazi, avuse ngalokho igama lomfowabo, amumisele insika yomuzi wakhe; indodana evela lapho, yindodana kamufi [bheka: uGenesisi38; uDutheronoma 25,5-10]. Elesibili isiko elihambisana nalelo [bheka: uLevithikhu 25,25] lithi owomndeni wowaphoqeka ngokuxakwa yizikweledu ukuthi athengise impahla yakhe noma ayobambisa ngayo kwabebolekisa ngezimali, nguyena onegunya lokuqala lokuyikhulula leyo mpahla – ifa – libuyele emndenini.

Ngendlela engaqondakalisisi kahle hle, la masiko omabili axhumaniseka kwalunga esimweni esasibucayi kule ngxoxo ekule ncwadi “uRuthi”: UBhowasi akaganwa nguNawobi owayenguntanga yakhe, ngobudala bakhe owayengasekukwazi ukuthi angathola umntwana; “ungena” aganwe nguRuthi bese kuthi ngesiko lobuhlobo esesebenzisa igunya lakhe lokukhula ifa lomyeni kaNawomi, libuyele emndenini.  Indodana kaRuthi yemukelwa nguNawomi njengendodana yakhe luqobo osekuyenza ibe yindlalifa, lelo fa-ke eseledlulela kuBhowasi onguyise, umyeni kanina ngokwesiko “lokungena” – eselisezandleni zomndeni ngokungangabazeki.  Ngalokho-ke kwakwazeka ukuxhumanisa nokuhlanganisa la masiko omabili ngendlela eyayingejwayelekile – okuyisigigaba sokuqala nesokugcina kuyo yonke imizekeliso nemilando esiyithola eThestamenteni eliDala:  impicabadala!

Ngokunjalo-ke iNcwadi  “uRuthi” indikimba yayo ngamasiko aphathelene namalungelo namagunya kwabozalo kanye nokuxazululwa kweziphathelene namafa. Lokho kwenza kungabi lula ukutholisisa kahle ukuthi yavela kanjani le ncwadi.  Kujwayeleké ukuthi kufuniselwe ekutheni isiphetho sayo salotshwa ngezikhathi zasemuva kokubuya kwesizwe sabakwaJuda ekudingisweni, okwakusekupheleni kwenkathi yeminyaka engamakhulu amahlanu [500] noma ekuqaleni kwenkathi yeminyaka engamakhulu amane [400] ngaphambi kwenkathi esiphila kuyo [500 | 400 ph.Khr.] (ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaJesu). Lokho kodwa akusho ukuthi alikho isiko lomndeni elidala lakwelaseBhethlehema elisengqondweni yale ngxoxo.

Isiphetho sale ncwadi [uRuthi 4,17-22] esaziswa kakhulu, lapho uRuthi noBhowasi bebizwa khona ngokuthi bangokhokho bakaDavida, kuthathwa ngokuthi siyisithasiselo-nje samuva.  Lesi sithasiselo kuthiwa savezwa ukuthi umkhulu kaDavida igama lakhe kwakunguObede, owayefaniswa nomfana owayekade engenabani, okwathi uNawomi wazithathela yena, naye waba yindodana yakhe; ngalokho-ke kwaxhumana uNawomi noRuthi noBhowasi ngapha, kwase kuxhumaniseka nabozalo lukaDavida ngaphaya. Ukuthi uBhowasi wayehlobene nabozalo lukaDavida kungengabazeke, nòma kungasakwazeki ukuwuthungatha umkhondo ophindela emuva eBhethlehema.

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Umtapo wolwazi: isahluko esithi „Das Buch Ruth“, encwadini „Die Schriften der Bibel. Entstehung und Botschaft“ elotshwé ngoSiegfried Herrmann noWalter Klaiber, yashiciselwa yiNhlangano yeBhaybheli yaseJalimane [Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft], eStuttgart ngowe-1996, ISBN 3-438-06207-0, kusukela ekhasini lamashumi ayisithupha nanhlanu kuya kwelamashumi ayisithupha nesishiyagalolunye [69-71]; sihunyushelwé esiZulwini nguBheni wakwaKhumalo eBaQulusini eViyweni leziKhuthali oBanjiswaneni lokuHumusha nokuBhala kabusha iBhaybheli ngesiZulu [Biblia Zuluensis] https://www.biblia-zuluensis.de/ ;   >> uBanjiswano lokuKhuthaza ukuKhulunywa nokuBhalwa kwesiZulu eMphakathini

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